— The process of absorption (physics accretion disk).

The process of gas and dust absorption in «the black hole» is accompanied by the formation of «accretion disk». The phenomenon «accretion disk» is observed in terrestrial conditions as well, these are tornados, cyclones, water funnels, the liquids which have formed during the expiration from a vessel through an aperture. For the definition and the analysis of the possible processes which are occurring in «the accretion disks» and around them, it is necessary to analyze the processes occurring in the water funnel during the expiration of liquid from a vessel through an aperture, and in gas environment, such as tornados and cyclones.

    1. We shall consider the process of water funnels formation.      

The occurrence and the sizes of water funnel depend on the sizes of the aperture through which the liquid flows, and the parameters of the liquid: density, viscosity and level. The increase in the aperture at the beginning, conducts to an increase of the funnel, and later on — to its reduction. With the formation of water funnel, the charge of the liquid, through the aperture, decreases.

Hence, it is possible:

  — The occurrence and the increase of «accretion disk» reduce the speed of «filling» the «a black hole» with space gas.

  — The increase in the sizes of «the black hole» as a vacuum volume, concerning the gas of the surrounding space, probably, leads at first to the increase of «the accretion disk», the disk of a galaxy and the sleeves of spiral galaxies.

The further increase in the vacuum’s volume and sizes of «the black hole» leads, probably, to the reduction of the «accretion disk» sizes, to a decrease in gas streams and to a decrease in stars formation in the disks and in the sleeves of the galaxies. The decrease of the «accretion disk» can be probably considered as reduction of the sizes of the disks and the sleeves of galaxies.                                         

    2. Considering the processes which are occurring during the modeling of a tornado, it is possible to observe the phenomenon of absorption of water and gas particles in a circulating stream. It is probable, that the rotation of the «accretion disk» creates additional force of absorbing gas from space. Even at small angular speed of the «accretion disk», its particles have high linear speed, because of the huge radius of this disk. On the periphery of the «accretion disk» the particles have maximal values of linear speed that due to the law Bernoulli creates an effect of gas and dust absorption from space into the «accretion disk».          

This absorption of gas in «the accretion disk» influences the star-formation in galaxies.                                                                                      

Let’s try to make a possible chain of the physical phenomena, which are accompanying the formation and the existence of the «accretion a disk».       

From the law of Bernoulli we know that at increase of movement speed of the liquid in tubes, the pressure of this liquid upon the walls of the tubes decreases. The same phenomenon is observed as well in the process of gases movement. If we place two pieces of a paper in space beside and parallel to each other, and blow between them, they will come nearer to each other figure №R-7.7.

                                                                            (127)  Figure №R-7.7

The rapprochement of the pieces of a paper states that the pressure of gas upon the sheets, from the gas stream has decreased.                           

Let’s formulate the phenomenon disassembled by us using simple concepts.

The ordered movement of the liquid or gas stream reduces the static pressure of the liquid or the gas on lateral borders, from this stream. During the increase speed movement of the stream of liquid or gas, the static pressure upon the lateral borders from this stream decreases.

Let’s consider a variant of gas stream movement on a circle figure №R-7.8.

In which cases the turbulence and the circular movement of the gas stream can be observed?

  — The gas stream, aspiring to fill the vacuum, twists and moves in a circle. This circular movement of gas around the central vacuum area doesn’t fill it with gas. On the contrary, it sucks away the remained atoms and molecules of gas from the vacuum area (a zone «A»). That means that the gas stream which was intended to fill the vacuum area becomes the natural compressor for preservation and maintenance of the vacuum in vacuum area «A». The self-supported whirlwind is born.

  — The gas stream meets an obstacle on its way, overcoming it while twisting, and at a conformity of the obstacle and the gas stream to necessary characteristics for the occurrence of a whirlwind, the self-supported whirlwind is being born.

  — The gas stream meets other gas stream, or even few gas streams on its way, at conformity of the gas streams to necessary characteristics for the occurrence of a whirlwind, the self-supported whirlwind is being born.

                                                                      (128)  Figure №R-7.8

We don’t put a problem on the table in order to find the laws which force the gas stream to move in a circle. We start with the fact data which states that during the filling of great vacuum volumes, the gas stream moves in circle. We shall consider such movement of gas stream. In figure №R-7.8 where the movement of the gas stream in circle is shown, we have a divided area of the arrangement of this stream into three parts — «A», «B» and «C». In zone «B», the gas stream moves on a circle. In a zone «B», on a gas particle, except the forces that make the particle move in a circle, centrifugal force should operate as well. This force is directed to expansion of the gas stream, or to an output of this particle from the stream to the direction of a zone «C». If the value of the centrifugal force acting on a particle in zone «B» is exceeding the values of forces directed on its deduction in the zone, the centrifugal force throws out this particle to zone «C». On the border, at the output from zone «B», the particle collides with particles which are soaked up in zone «B» from zone «C». On the border of zones «B» and «C» there is an antagonism of the streams directed to zone «B» and from zone «B», and the forces of absorption directed to zone «B» and the centrifugal forces directed to zone «B». In zone «B» there is the same antagonism of forces, but enclosed not to the streams, but to each particle. That means, on each particle which moves in the stream in zone «B», operate the centrifugal force and the absorption force.

  We have defined that on the particles and particles streams, in zones «A», «B» and «C», two basic forces operate: the absorption force and the centrifugal force.

  — The absorption force depends on a linear speed of the stream and particles.

  — The centrifugal force which is pushing out the particle from the moving stream depends on the angular speed of the stream and particles.

Regardless the fact that angular and linear speeds of the rotating gas stream are mutually dependent, the parity between these two speeds defines the parity between the centrifugal force and the absorption force. The attitude between the linear and the angular speeds is the radius value of the rotating gas stream. Hence, the parity depends on the radius of the rotating gas stream between the centrifugal force and the absorption force. If the radius of the rotating gas stream is small and the angular speed is high, the centrifugal force will influence considerably the processes in the rotating stream. If the radius of the rotating gas stream is big, than at the same angular speed, the linear speed will be higher, hence, the absorption force will be bigger. In the whirlwind, the internal layers try to extend, and external — to be compressed.

We have considered the possible physics processes occurring in zones «B» and «C». We shall consider and predict the possible processes in zone «A».

Zone «A» is a special zone. The special feature of a zone «A» is:

  — In its closeness, if the gas from the environment is being sucked through zone «C», to zone «B», zone «A» is closed from the environment, because of the circular isolation of zone «B». Zone «A» is an internal zone.

  — In zone «A» the action of absorption force coincides by direction with the action of the centrifugal force. The concurrence in the action direction of the centrifugal force and the absorption force, gives the maximal effect absorbing gas from zone «A» to zone «B». In the combination with the closeness of zone «A», the effect of maximal absorption creates the greatest vacuum possible in zone «A».

  — Regardless the circular isolation, zone «A» is not completely closed. At the top and at the bottom, zone «A» has access to the environment.